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Resolutions of the LEGAL COMMITTEE

Trident Model United Nations 2010

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TO:	Legal Committee
FROM:	Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
DATE:	March 2010
SUBJECT:	Occupation and Reconstruction of Afghanistan Pertaining to the Treatment of   Prisoners
TOPIC:	A

Addressing the issue of the United States of America's occupation of Afghanistan

Acknowledging attempts by the U.S. and the U.N. to aid in the reconstruction of Afghanistan and fight the war against the Taliban

Disheartened and disturbed, however, over the disregard of the Afghan and international law by the occupying U.S. forces

Outraged by the imprisonment and execution of Afghan civilians by the U.S. without trial, let alone trial under the Afghan government and international law; actions which defy the rulings of the Geneva Convention (on the Treatment of Prisoners and the Treatment of Offenders), and violate the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations resolutions 663 C (XXIV) 1957 and 2076 (LXII) 1977 establishing the minimum treatment of prisoners

Noting the strategic positioning of Afghanistan, both geographically and politically

Aware of the ambitions of the United Nations uphold its own law, for the betterment of the world

CALLS FOR:

1.  Positioning the Afghanistan Government as the final authority over occupying forces; non-compliance to result in expulsion from the region

2. The unconditional return to Afghanistan of all Afghan prisoners currently under the control of the U.S. and other occupying countries

3. The censure, in international politics, of all major occupying countries of Afghanistan who have defied International and Afghan Law: the United States; the United Kingdom; and Canada; and the assurance from the U.N. that those countries will be severely punished if future crimes against humanity are committed.

4. The establishment of a UN committee in charge of directing the reconstruction of, and funding for, Afghanistan and the entire Middle East. The committee shall be financed by the UN. Afghan officials will lead the committee, representing Afghanistan and all other Middle Eastern countries interest, and make sure that the proper situations are addressed, as need be.   

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TO:	Legal Committee
FROM:	China
DATE:	March 2010
SUBJECT:	Greenhouse Gas Emissions
TOPIC:	B

 

Deeply concerned by the growing rate of carbon dioxide (greenhouse gas) emissions causing global climate change.

 

Recognizing that future economic growth is bound to development of renewable energy sources.

 

Emphasizing it is crucial for all industrialized countries to implement greenhouse gas emission control standards and goals.

 

CALLS FOR:

 

1. All countries with a Gross Domestic Product of 100 billion dollars to be identified as the members in the reduction group.

 

2. Identify carbon intensity, carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product, for each country.

 

3. Each country will pledge to cut carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product by 25 percent by 2020.

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TO:	Legal Committee
FROM:	The Islamic Republic of Iran
DATE:	March 2010
SUBJECT:	Peaceful Nuclear Power
TOPIC:	C

Appalled that nations are held back from producing nuclear power for purely peaceful purposes. such as the current situation in Iran, or the situation that cause the democratic People’s Republic of Korea to withdraw from the NPT.

Reaffirming that Nuclear Power is great source of energy.

Enraged that the final decision on nuclear possession is decided by The United States, the U.K., Russia, France, and China, all of which have nuclear power and weapons

Believing a more equitable distribution of nuclear resources throughout the world would result in balancing global power.

Noting the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) states that “the research and production of peaceful nuclear energy is the right of nations.”

Infuriated that NPT signatories must endure severe scrutiny, in order to obtain this type of  power, when it is a common energy source amongst these officious nations                   

Calls For;

1. The UN to allow nations to pursue peaceful nuclear power, without fear of sanctions against them

2. The UN to lift any sanctions it has against nations who have tried to get nuclear power for the benefit of its people

3. Aid to be given to nations which request it, when possible, for the purposes of achieving peaceful nuclear power.

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TO:	Legal Committee
FROM:	Israel
DATE:	March 2010
SUBJECT:	Piracy Off the Coast of Somalia
TOPIC:	D

Deeply Concerned with the constant threat of piracy in the vital shipping area off the coast of Somalia;

Having Considered the threat to the welfare of the global economy posed by the pirates;

Confident the gravity of the situation will unite support in swift action;

Calls For:

1. Change in the UNCLOS (UN Convention on the Law of the Sea) provisions to allow pirates to more easily be tried outside of their home countries, expediting the judicial process

2. Action in the form of Peacekeeping forces sent to the effected area in order to help maintain stability and economic profitability in the region

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TO:	Legal Committee
FROM:	Venezuela (not Japan)
DATE:	March 2010
SUBJECT:	Kidnapping
TOPIC:	E

Recognizing that kidnapping rates have increased alarmingly following the election of current president Hugo Chavez,

Guided by Venezuela’s position as fourth on the list of world kidnapping rates,

Noting further that according to the Interior Ministry, about 2 abductions occur per 100,000 inhabitants. Additionally, 2009's startling amount of 454 reported cases in just the first six months is fully expected to increase in the next few years,

Having examined the ineffectiveness of the anti-kidnap law passed in 2008, after observing that kidnapping rates have continued to increase in 2009 since 2008, despite the law being passed,

Bearing in mind that tourists are frequently targeted, thus decreasing potential wealth. Venezuela is a socialist country, therefore it is unabashedly involved in the business division of its country’s prosperity – tourism is a sufficient contribution to business.

CALLS FOR

1. Encourages exclusion of unwanted groups such as FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia) and ELN (National Liberation Army) by means of enforcing border patrol and raising awareness for the Venezuelan population;

2. Supports a change in the existing penalty of the 2008 anti-kidnap law; penalty should be increased to life imprisonment as opposed to a jail term of up to 30 years;

3.  Further requests a raise in the salary of police officers to provide the motivation necessary to enforce any existing and/or future laws against kidnapping;

4. Urges Venezuela to hold a conference with Colombia; negotiate an agreement regarding stricter laws being enforced by both countries to limit the movement of Colombian rebels into Venezuela.

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TO:	Legal Committee
FROM:	Mexico
DATE:	March 2010
SUBJECT:	Somalia - Internal Corruption
TOPIC:	F

Recalling: That Security Council Resolution 1872 outlined a UN commitment to a comprehensive and lasting settlement of the situation in Somalia.

Recalling: That Security Council Resolutions 1325 (2000) and 1820 (2008) on women and peace and security, 1674 (2006) and 1738 (2006) on the protection of civilians in armed conflict, and 1539 (2004) and 1612 (2005) on children and armed conflict further defined this commitment.

Also bearing in mind: That Resolution 1872 reaffirmed its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, political independence and unity of Somalia.

Commending: The Transitional Federal Government under President Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed for its attempts to institute peace and its continued cooperation with the UN.

Expressing deep concern: Over Somalia’s 2009 internal corruption ranking of 1.1 by Transparency International, the most corrupt of 180 nations evaluated. (In 2009, this NGO ranked countries regarding their levels of corruption on a scale from 0 to 10 -- 0 being the most corrupt and 10 being the least corrupt.)

Concerned with: The deteriorating internal infrastructure in Somalia.

CALLS FOR:

1. The continued cooperation of President Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed and AMISOM (African Union Mission to Somalia) with the UN to promote stability.

2. Investigative task forces to begin overseeing the Somali government beginning in April 2010 prior to the termination of the AMISOM peacekeeping force in June 2010. These task forces will focus on the allocation of funds and the management of the country’s resources to help provide stability.

3. Nationwide programs targeted towards the underprivileged. These programs will help educate the youth and women of Somalia regarding government and its role in society. These programs are to be carried out by volunteer NGOs and will be funded externally (perhaps by donations from supportive/allied countries).

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TO:	Legal Committee
FROM:	Saudi Arabia
DATE:	March 2010
SUBJECT:	Saudi-Yemeni Border Dispute
TOPIC:	G

Aware of: The ongoing clashes between the Saudi military and the Yemen al-Houthi rebels.

Disturbed that: Almost 200,000 Saudi Arabians have been evacuated because of the conflict.

Recognizing that: Because of serious resource shortages, the Yemeni military is not prepared to deal with the rebellion on its own.

Cognizant of: Saudi Arabia’s plan to create a buffer zone on the Yemeni border.

Concerned that: Over 200 Saudi soldiers have already been wounded in the conflict.

Alarmed that: The conflict will almost surely escalate with time.

CALLS FOR:

1. Organizing, training, and equipping a 3,000 person, multi-national, UN peace enforcement unit in Saudi Arabia.

a. Composition and command/control of the force shall be determined by the Security Council.

b. Troops shall be on the ground, in Najran Province of Saudi Arabia, no later than April 2010.

c. Forces will exit 6 months after cessation of hostilities.

d. Members of the peace enforcing unit will be permitted to use force when attempting to separate opposing forces or for self-defense.

2. An appropriation of five hundred million US dollars from assessed and voluntary contributions to fund the proposed peacekeeping operation.

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TO:	Legal Committee
FROM:	Somalia
DATE:	March 2010
SUBJECT:	Iranian Human Rights Violations
TOPIC:	H

Alarmed by: The growing number of human rights violations by Iran.

Deeply concerned: By the fact that the Iranian citizens could not freely express themselves in the election of June 2009 and its aftermath.

Noting that: The Islamic Republic of Iran has a right to maintain public order.

Disturbed that: Over 4,000 people have been detained since June and 400 are still in detention because they exercised their right to express themselves freely during the elections.

Noting further: That these 4,000 detained individuals include prominent political figures, professors, journalists, students, and human right defenders.

Emphasizing: That the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states clearly, “Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.” (Article 10) and “No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention, and exile.” (Article 9)

Fully Aware: The Islamic Republic of Iran has given its people the ability to have democratic elections.

CALLS FOR:

1. The formation of an investigative body to monitor the initiation of due process in the cases against those Iranians who were detained in the aftermath of the June 2009 election.

2. The use of third party human rights organizations to aid those in detention, those assaulted, and those tortured when detained by the Iranian government.
 
3. A reaffirmation by the United Nations regarding the right of the citizens of Iran to express themselves freely.
 

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TO:	Legal Committee
FROM:	Somalia
DATE:	March 2010
SUBJECT:	Israeli and Palestinian Conflict
TOPIC:	I

Alarmed by: Israel’s encroaching on Palestinian territory in East Jerusalem and its occupation of the West Bank.

Deeply concerned: By the fact that Palestinian homes are being torn down and that Palestinians are being deported without the ability to fix their current situation.

Noting that: Israel has a right to provide for its national security.

Expressing deep concern: that discussions regarding a Two-state solution have stopped between the Palestinian Authority and Israel.

Commending: Israel for allowing the delivery of humanitarian relief to the inhabitants of Gaza.

Recalling:  Resolution 242 and the UN’s commitment to a resolution for a Two-state solution between the Palestinian Authority and Israel.

CALLS FOR:

1. The immediate cessation of Israel’s construction of settlements designated for the Palestinians in East Jerusalem and the West Bank.

2. The expansion of construction and entry permits for Palestinians so that the Palestinian people can quickly and efficiently live in peace with their neighbor, Israel.

3.The unification of the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem under one government to better accompany peace talks toward a Two-state resolution.

4. A re-initiation of discussions regarding a Two-state solution between Palestinians and the State of Israel.

5. The withdrawal of Israeli troops in occupied territories of the Palestinian Authority on the conditions that:

a) There is progress toward establishment of a viable infrastructure within Palestinian Authority in 36 months.

b) A Security Council delegation is created to monitor the establishment of a viable infrastructure, to set a time table for full withdrawal, and to oversee said withdrawal

6. Recognition of Israel’s right to provide for its national security under threat by opposing forces.

7. The flow of humanitarian aid, commercial goods, and peoples across the border between Israel and the Palestinian Authority.